BioMedica |

Original Article

VOLUME: 36 | ISSUE: 1 | Mar 31, 2020 | PAGE: (30 - 37) | DOI: 10.24911/BioMedica/5-152

Tuberculous Mastitis in Females of South Punjab: A Clinicopathological Analysis of Ten Years from Pakistan

Authors: Afra Samad , Aqsa Ashraf Bukhar , Safia Sartaj , Nudrat Fayyaz , Naseem Akhter , Namra Naeem , Muhammad Ejaz Alam , Muhammad Imran Arshad

Article Info

Authors

Afra Samad

Multan Medical & Dental College, Multan-Pakistan.

Aqsa Ashraf Bukhar

Multan Medical & Dental College, Multan-Pakistan.

Safia Sartaj

Multan Medical & Dental College, Multan-Pakistan.

Nudrat Fayyaz

Multan Medical & Dental College, Multan-Pakistan.

Naseem Akhter

Multan Medical & Dental College, Multan-Pakistan.

Namra Naeem

Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad-Pakistan.

Muhammad Ejaz Alam

Multan Medical & Dental College, Multan-Pakistan.

Muhammad Imran Arshad

University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan.

Publication History

Received: December 03, 2019

Revised: February 06, 2020

Accepted: March 20, 2020

Published: March 31, 2020

Abstract

Background and Objective: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis occurring in breast is a rare disorder in West but is still present in developing nations where tuberculosis is endemic. Tuberculous Mastitis (TM) is difficult to diagnose as it has vague clinical symptoms and insufficient radiological findings. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of tuberculous mastitis by accessible modalities for early diagnosis.
Methods: After the Institutional Ethical Board approvals, Pathology laboratory archives and medical records of 5000 patients from Ibn-e-Sina Hospital Research Institute, Multan and Multi Test Laboratory, were retrieved from the year 2008 to 2018. A retrospective analysis of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) results of patients who presented with breast lumps was carried out. The interpretation of cytological findings and Ziehl Neelsen stained smears was carried out by cytopathologists and microbiologists respectively. Mycobacterium DNA was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in selected cases.
Results: Out of 5000 patients, tuberculosis was diagnosed in 264 (5.28%) cases on FNAC. Acid fast bacilli (AFB) positive smears were found in 79.5%patients while 20.45% cases were AFB negative. Among AFB negative smears, 38 cases were further analyzed by PCR, among which 32 (84.2%) cases showed PCR positive results for TM. An increased frequency of TM among all inflammatory breast lesions from 18% in 2008 to 47.19% in 2018 was observed.
Conclusion: Tuberculous Mastitis is an uncommon form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. It has non- specific clinical, radiological and varied histological findings that often mimic breast abscess or carcinoma. FNAC is essential to guide the patient to further tests including histochemistry and PCR that can be used as more sensitive and time effective detection modalities.

Keywords: Tuberculous mastitis, Fine needle aspiration cytology, Breast lump, Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Pubmed Style

Afra Samad, Aqsa Ashraf Bukhar, Safia Sartaj, Nudrat Fayyaz, Naseem Akhter, Namra Naeem, Muhammad Ejaz Alam, Muhammad Imran Arshad. Tuberculous Mastitis in Females of South Punjab: A Clinicopathological Analysis of Ten Years from Pakistan. BioMedica. 2020; 31 (March 2020): 30-37. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-152

Web Style

Afra Samad, Aqsa Ashraf Bukhar, Safia Sartaj, Nudrat Fayyaz, Naseem Akhter, Namra Naeem, Muhammad Ejaz Alam, Muhammad Imran Arshad. Tuberculous Mastitis in Females of South Punjab: A Clinicopathological Analysis of Ten Years from Pakistan. https://biomedicapk.com/articles/online_first/152 [Access: April 27, 2024]. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-152

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Afra Samad, Aqsa Ashraf Bukhar, Safia Sartaj, Nudrat Fayyaz, Naseem Akhter, Namra Naeem, Muhammad Ejaz Alam, Muhammad Imran Arshad. Tuberculous Mastitis in Females of South Punjab: A Clinicopathological Analysis of Ten Years from Pakistan. BioMedica. (2020), [cited April 27, 2024]; 31 (March 2020): 30-37. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-152

Harvard Style

Afra Samad, Aqsa Ashraf Bukhar, Safia Sartaj, Nudrat Fayyaz, Naseem Akhter, Namra Naeem, Muhammad Ejaz Alam, Muhammad Imran Arshad (2020) Tuberculous Mastitis in Females of South Punjab: A Clinicopathological Analysis of Ten Years from Pakistan. BioMedica, 31 (March 2020): 30-37. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-152

Chicago Style

Afra Samad, Aqsa Ashraf Bukhar, Safia Sartaj, Nudrat Fayyaz, Naseem Akhter, Namra Naeem, Muhammad Ejaz Alam, Muhammad Imran Arshad. "Tuberculous Mastitis in Females of South Punjab: A Clinicopathological Analysis of Ten Years from Pakistan." 31 (2020), 30-37. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-152

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Afra Samad, Aqsa Ashraf Bukhar, Safia Sartaj, Nudrat Fayyaz, Naseem Akhter, Namra Naeem, Muhammad Ejaz Alam, Muhammad Imran Arshad (2020) Tuberculous Mastitis in Females of South Punjab: A Clinicopathological Analysis of Ten Years from Pakistan. , 31 (March 2020), 30-37. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-152