Original Article

Volume: 41 | Issue: 1 | Published: Mar 25, 2025 | Pages: 16 - 21 | DOI: 10.24911/BioMedica/5-1195

Metabolic syndrome in Mirpurkhas: frequency and key risk factors among adults

Authors: Summyah Niazi , Aysha Babar , Naveed Ahsan , Beenish Gul , Atif Mahmood

Article Info

Authors

Summyah Niazi

Department of Physiology Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan.

Aysha Babar

Department of Physiology, Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Rawalpindi Campus, Pakistan

Naveed Ahsan

Department of Biochemistry, Bhitai Medical and Dental College MirpurKhas, Pakistan

Beenish Gul

Department of Biochemistry, Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Rawalpindi Campus, Pakistan.

Atif Mahmood

Department of Physiology, Bhitai Medical and Dental College, MirpurKhas, Pakistan

Publication History

Received: August 31, 2024

Accepted: January 28, 2025

Published: March 25, 2025

Abstract

Background and Objective: Metabolic syndrome poses a significant public health challenge in developing nations and accounts for the
highest mortality and morbidity rates globally. It is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in individuals of all age groups. This study assessed the risk factors and frequency of metabolic syndrome among adults at MirpurKhas, Sindh.

Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, Bhitai Medical and Dental College,
MirpurKhas, Sindh. A total of 1,000 subjects with clinically suspected metabolic syndrome were enrolled and their anthropometric
measurements, including weight and height, serial blood pressure estimation, blood sugar, total cholesterol, high and low density
lipoproteins, and triglycerides levels were carried out following standard procedures The logistic regression was used to establish the
correlation between the metabolic syndrome and risk variables.

Results: There were 550 (55%) male and 450 (35%) female participants. The mean age was 43.0 ±11.2 years. Metabolic syndrome was
present in 350 (35%) participants. In our study, we found that obese individuals had an odds ratio (OR) of 15.01, individuals aged ≥ 51 years or older had an OR of 5.91, and overweight participants had an OR of 5.91. These findings indicate that these groups are at a much higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion: Our findings show that metabolic syndrome is common in our community, with a higher frequency in females. Key contributing factors include hyperglycemia, hypertension, abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, and low high-density lipoprotein levels.

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, risk factors, anthropometric measurement, blood sugar, lipid profile, obesity.

Open access Creative Commons License

Pubmed Style

Summyah Niazi, Aysha Babar, Naveed Ahsan, Beenish Gul, Atif Mahmood. Metabolic syndrome in Mirpurkhas: frequency and key risk factors among adults. BioMedica. 2025; 25 (March 2025): 16-21. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-1195

Web Style

Summyah Niazi, Aysha Babar, Naveed Ahsan, Beenish Gul, Atif Mahmood. Metabolic syndrome in Mirpurkhas: frequency and key risk factors among adults. https://biomedicapk.com/articles/1195 [Access: October 30, 2025]. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-1195

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Summyah Niazi, Aysha Babar, Naveed Ahsan, Beenish Gul, Atif Mahmood. Metabolic syndrome in Mirpurkhas: frequency and key risk factors among adults. BioMedica. 2025; 25 (March 2025): 16-21. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-1195

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Summyah Niazi, Aysha Babar, Naveed Ahsan, Beenish Gul, Atif Mahmood. Metabolic syndrome in Mirpurkhas: frequency and key risk factors among adults. BioMedica. (2025), [cited October 30, 2025]; 25 (March 2025): 16-21. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-1195

Harvard Style

Summyah Niazi, Aysha Babar, Naveed Ahsan, Beenish Gul, Atif Mahmood (2025) Metabolic syndrome in Mirpurkhas: frequency and key risk factors among adults. BioMedica, 25 (March 2025): 16-21. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-1195

Chicago Style

Summyah Niazi, Aysha Babar, Naveed Ahsan, Beenish Gul, Atif Mahmood. "Metabolic syndrome in Mirpurkhas: frequency and key risk factors among adults." 25 (2025), 16-21. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-1195

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Summyah Niazi, Aysha Babar, Naveed Ahsan, Beenish Gul, Atif Mahmood. "Metabolic syndrome in Mirpurkhas: frequency and key risk factors among adults." 25.March 2025 (2025), 16-21. Print. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-1195

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Summyah Niazi, Aysha Babar, Naveed Ahsan, Beenish Gul, Atif Mahmood (2025) Metabolic syndrome in Mirpurkhas: frequency and key risk factors among adults. , 25 (March 2025), 16-21. doi:10.24911/BioMedica/5-1195